Driving mechanism for sheets or bands



Jan.6,1942. E. ...MULLER 2,268,891

DRIVING'MECHANISM FOR SHEETS OR-BANDS ATTORNEY.

Jan. 6, 1942. E,`| ,MUEL LER y* 2,268,891

DRIVING MECHANISM FOR SHEETS OR BANDS Filedv April e, 1939 2 sheets-sheet 2 Patented Jan. 6, 1942 Emil L. lune-11er, Rutherford, n. J. "Anuman-Ais1 s, y192.9, semi No. ceases This inventionv relates to means for drivingw sheets or bands through p ins'extending into the perforations in-rthe sheets, or bands. Such pinV drives are useful wherea positive, as distinguished from a frictional, driving of asheet or band is required, as for Vvinstance the paper sheet printed upon .in a typewriter lor other printing mecha-y nism and the-films of moving picture machines,

I vnastiness and some or the parts being broken away to show an interior section: l f

Fig. 2 is a side elevatiomon anenlarged scale,

of one end of the Aplaten-anzi shaft therefor having .the invention applied thereto:- Y

Fig` 3` is a section ontheline HofFig. v2;

cameras ,'etc. While the invention is admirably adapted f or the uses as statecl, there are-manyv other applications to which it is suitable and may be availedof wherever desirable.

The main object of the invention is to provide y an improved, Asimple and eillcient Vmeans of Sthe character as indicated. A,

A furthery object of the invention to provide apparatus of the character as indicated which shall.- provide the desired positive .drive and at the same time accurately position the driven sheet or. band.

A further object of the inventionis to providey apparatus of the character described which shall insure positive, accurate, rrelative positioning iof super-posed sheets, as forinstance'where carbon copiesare made on a typewriter.

A further object'of the invention is to ,provide apparatus ofthe character described in which thepins are of such constructionthat they will readily enter within the'perforations yof the, sheets or bands and will accurately position the sheet or band where one sheet or band is employed'and. A will accurately, relatively 'position superposed sheets or bands. 1A further object of the invention is to provide compact and concealedgearing for ythe pin drive.

VI Lyfnrther objectof the invention is to provide a pin drive forasheet or band, wherein the sheet' or band about the l perfor-ations for 'the'pins will not be-marred or injured nor the ldriven sheet or a band distorted or injured in any way. 1

A further object vof Athe invention is to provide a device of thezcharacter described in which an 'internal gear is driven from the driving "shaft and by such internal gear is driven a gear wheel which is eccentrica'lly mounted withrelationto said shaft and drives a similarly eccentrically mounted circular series of driving pins. A of the invention,

"Other and ancillary 'objects will appear hereinafter; v

In the accompanying drawing'swhich illustrate the invention- Fig.; is a top plan view of a typewriter platen mounted in a vtypewriter carriage, which structure embodies the invention, certain ofthe usual Fig.' 6 is an exploded,` perspective view, ofthe dis-'assembled of fthe `internal gear Aand mountingtherefor constitutin'ga-part of the irnproved pindrivei; l

Fig. 7 `is an end'iview ofsuchiparts assembled, being an end view, looking from fthefright of Fig. iwiththe platen and platen shaft removed;

8, is a top plan view, similari-.o Fig. 1, of

a typewriter carriage havinga'platen and amodifled form of pin driving means embodying the invention; y p

Fig, 9 is a section, o nan Aenlarged scale, on the lmet-lof F18. 8: and Fig. 10 is-a section,1on.a line Il-il ofFlg. 9. Referringto the drawings and `ilrst to-Flgs'. 1 to 7 inclusive, a typewriter-platen] is xedupon the shaft I which is rotatable in the usual man`. ner .by knurled iinger wheels 3 and4 4 upon the reduced scale, on'y the v endsof the shaft, this platen beingcarried by the usual typewriter carriage frame 5. Also the usual paper-holding clips, line-spacing mechanism and other well-known appurtenances vwill be understood vvto be present so far as desired.

While, inthe usual typewriter, the paper, is driven forward by friction kon the plate'nas vthe latter is turned. "In the present structure the paper `is perforatedfalong its' margins and is positively engaged by pins so that no slippage ofthe paper, and particularly slippage of one sheetof paper withzrelation to anotherwhere a plurality o fsiuefetsare operated upon asis the case where several'copies are being simultaneously made by the process of inserting carbon sheets between appurtenances being omitted for thesake` oi' 55 the paper sheets to .be written upon.

' The driving means for the pap'erfas referred to, is the sameat'each end 'of the 'platen (at each side of the sheet) and theconstruction will therefore be described with relation to one len'il only.v

The end head 6 of the platen I` is secured to 'a ring Iv upon the linternal Asurface vof which ,are formedthe gear teeth ."whereby an internal gear isformed. LRotatalbly mounted upon theshaft 2 is asleeve I having atone end the Vboss l0 which` has a circular periphery. but its centeris eccentric to the center of the shafty 2. `l'totatably mounted about the boss I and having a running nt there-1 with is the ring I I having the gear teeth I2 on its outer periphery adapted to mesh with the gear teeth 8 upon the interior of the ring 1. It will be seen that the ring I I is of smaller over-all diameter than the interior diameter of the ring 1 and that its gear 4teeth mesh only with the gear teeth 8 of that side of the ring 1 with which they are held in engagement by reason of the eccentricity of the hub or boss I0 upon which the ring II is mounted. This, it will be seen, leaves a clearance between the opposite side of the ring II and the interior of the ring 1.

Projecting from the outer periphery of the ring II and intermediate the ends of the gear teeth I2 is the series of equi-distant pins I3, which pins are successively thrust outwardly through slots Il in the ring 1 as the gear ring II is turned by the rotation of the internallytoothed ring 1. Each pin of the series is projected beyond the ring 1 to the greatest distance when it is at the greatest distance from the center of the shaft 2 and in line with the centres of the rings 1 and II, and as the ring II is turned by the rotation of the ring 1, the pin is gradually retracted inwardly so that its tip soon disappears within the outer surface of the ring 1 and passes on within the same through the clearance between the rings 1 and II until it again emerges through a slot in the ring 1 and gradually projects more and more therefrom, as the gears turn, until it has again reached its position of maximum extension beyond the outer surface of the ring 1.

The pins cf the series succeed each other in emerging from the outer rim of the ring 1 and each gradually increases its extension outside thereof until a maximum extension has been reached and then gradually the extension of the pin is reduced from its maximum until it dis,- appears within the outer surface of the ring 1.

The shaft 2 and sleeve 9 are relatively rotatable, but the head 6 and shaft '2 are secured against relative rotation by means of a key I5 which may slide in a key-way I6 in the shaft 2 so that the head 6 and its related parts may` be moved endwise on the shaft to accommodate .different lengths of platen, this head structure being held in various positions for different lengths of platen respectively by the latch I1 pivoted at I8 in a vslot I9 in the head 6 and adapted to be moved about its pivot to engage with one of a `series of longitudinally displaced transverse slots in the shaft 2. As any mechanic would understand, the slot 20 may be provided in the platen through which an instrument may be inserted to operate the latch I1 when the parts are assembled.

The radius on which the greatest extension of pin occurs can be located at any angular position about the axis of the shaft 2 by rotating the sleeve 9 and eccentric bearing I0 about the shaft 2 and, the desired angular position (usually at the printing line) having been arrived at, the sleeve and eccentric bearing may be fixed in angular position by keying the sleeve 9 to' the side of the frame 5, within which it extends, by inserting a key 2l into an appropriately placed key-way 22 in the frame and a corresponding the key 2I so that the sleeve 9 is free to turn in the.frame and providing a radial arm fixed to the sleeve by which the sleeve may be turned, with provision for securing the arm in any de,- sired position of adjustment by releasably securing it to the frame.

A plate 23 closes one side of the internal gear, such plate having teeth cut upon its circumference which enter easily into the teeth 8 upon the interior of the ring 1. This plate is so ad- Justed that the eccentric mounting I0 is snugly fitted between the plate 23 and head 6, while the gear ring I I has a running tit between such head and plate. The plate 23 is held in its position by means of a collar 24' abutting against the hub of theplate 23 and fixed to the sleeve 9 by a set-screw 25, the plate 23 being rotatable about the sleeve 9.

The paper or band to be driven passing in contact with the circumference of the ring 1 and being perforated vwith the perforatlons spaced to register with the pins I3, each of the pins will enter a perforation as the pin passes outwardly from the surface of the ring 1 and will be withdrawn therefrom as the pin moves inwardly. The outward and `inward movement of each pin, as referred to, is occasioned by the difference in curvature of the ring '1 `and `the ring II. As the two curves converge towards coincidence, the pin will `be forced outwardly with relation to the ring 1 until the greatest ex-l tension of the pin is reached at the central position of tangency of the two curves. From-this point the curves will diverge, the pin being drawn inwardly as the divergence increases. For example, referring to Fig. 3, with the rings 1 and II rotating in the direction as indicated by the arrow,V the point of maximum extension of the pin is at 26 when, proceeding therefrom in the direction of the arrow, the curvatures of the ring 1 `and II diverge and the pin is drawn gradually inward until it disappears within the ring 1 at approximately the position 21. The turning gear II will then carry the pin within the ring 1 until the curvatures ofthe rings 1 and II' converging, the pin will begin to emerge from the outer surface of the ring 1 at approximately the point 28 and then, as the rings continue their turning and their curvatures converge, the pin will extend ymore and more outside the ring 1 until the position l26 of its maximum extension is reached and upon further turning of the rings, the diverging curvatures of the rings 1 and II will cause the inward retraction of the pin as before referred to, the pins succeeding eachother in this cycle of operation.

As a pin is withdrawn from Ythe perforation inthe driven shaft or band, the outer surface of the ring 1 will act as a stripper to strip off the paper from the pin and thus prevent dis tortion or tearing of the paper by the failure of the paper to detach itself from the pin atl the proper time as would often be the case if an ordinary sprocket wheel were employed.r

Also it willbe observed that the external surface of the ring 1 being of substantially the same diameter and therefore substantially flush with the surface of the platen, these surfaces will travel at the same linear speed and the ring Il carrying the pins is positively connected with the ring 1 by the intermeshing gear teeth, so that the linear speed of the two rings about their respective centres is the same and therefore the pins move about the centre of ring II at the same linear speed as the ring 1. The linear l andassi Speed sion will-be the same as the linear speedof the rim or outside surface of the ring 1., but conv acfcurvature ofthe series count of the divergence of of pins and of the ring 1,th`e resultant component of speed of the'y f K paper will `,vary considerably at other points. However, the divergence -in curvature as .referred to,vis `so small for y on both sides of the position of maximum pin extension that thereis no material difference in speed between the portion ofthe pin projectingy of a pin at its position of maximum exten.

a 'considerable distance f I3' adjacent its mproximity to into a perforation 'in outside the surface of the ring 1 and the speed outside the outer surfacel of ring 1 within this 1 slippage of the paper on" the- Each of the pins I3 hasa cylindrical portion the outer Surfaceofthering 'lfwhen the pin is the position-ofmaximum extension. This cylindrical portion `thus extending n fthe paperprovidesasubstantially right-angled abutment to thefperforation'edge or edges of the paper,thereby securely y holding thepaper inpositionfand, where several I super-'posed sheets 'are employed, as where carbon copies arey made as referred to, the edges of the super-posed perforations iny the various sheets will be properly lined up -so-that the properA relative positions of the sheets At theaouter end kof eachpin, beyond the-cy- 'f lindrical portionas referred to, the pin isfof the speed of the a* slot I4'in the ring] either with the-ring o r withv the paper of the The linear speeds of the circumferences of the rings Tand Il being'equal, the rring Il will move at an angular VelOcitygreater' thanthe angular velocity of the ring11.i Care must therefore ybe taken that this difference of the two*l rings shall not-cause the pins to become outof register with the perforations in the l paper. It will be apparentfthat due to these different angular velocities a pin inone angular position withV relation to the ring 1 (and therefore Ain relationr to the paper perforationslwill not, after a revolution,v be* in such relation. It will, -at the end of the y forward beyond suchr` relationship -and` unless proper arrangement has been made to take care of this discrepancy, relation to the ring 1 and to the perforations in the driven sheet or band. To correct this" discrepancy, so that the pins will properly co-operate in angular velocitiesy tapered formation to insure that'there will be no interference by thepin as it is extended through and into 'a perforation,

perforation@ `v'I'hering 1 and hub' which-are fixed together in 'the' completed device, arepreferably, however,'manufactured in two pieces andy securedv` together. It is desirable that the teeth 8 'shouldf be cut r-on the interior of the ring l1 when it is just a Iplain ring and before' beingassembled with the'part 6. Y Thisv is-for the reason that the tooth-cutting to'ol'can then the ring, the teeth beirigfcut entirely across it,

y 'whereby the tooth cutting operation is'facilitated revolution, have movedthe pins will not be in'proper withthe ring 1 and the paper perforations, the

relatonship'between the pins and the gear' rings 1 and' I i should be made such that the excess. of movement ofV a pin over one revolution which takes place during one'revolution of the ring 1, should be a multiple ofthe distance between two successive pins. The vresult is that'any given pin at the end of a revolution of the ring1 4wlllbe moved beyond the position which it occupied at the beginning of the revolution! of the ring 1, by a distance which is a'multiple of the distance between two successive pins. Asucc'eeding pin will thu's Y'occupy the former position of the4 pin under consideration, and the pins will properly cooperate with the ring'fl and the perforations infthe paper, the pins registering with the perforations and being merely moved forward by one or more pin spaces which still permits the pins to' register properly. ternalgear teeth on the gear 1 are seventy-seven in number, whereas the teeth on the gearv Il are seventy in number. Y `It thus appears rthat for one revolutiony of the `ring 1, the gear `Il will "make a' complete revolution and seven numberof pins being ten andthe distance between the two adjacent pins being seven teeth, it will `be apparent that at the end of onerevolution of thering 1 the pin next adjacent` and behind the pin in question will occupy the relative position of the pin in question at the beginning of the revolution, and the relation' to the ring 1 and in registry-with the driven sheet orba'nd.

perforations in the For example the in'r .be superposed, one

y and there is lno' space uponfth ring wasted;v

Upon the hub 6` are cut the teeth 29 which are madeA slightly larger than the spaces between'the teeth Q vso that the teeth 29 will not enter invsuch spaces except upon the application of force.` The hub 6' and ring`1 arethen forced together whereby the teeth 29 enter lzietweenthev teethv 8 and are securely and firmly held. The hub 6 maybe formed of brass, while the ring 1` may' beA of steel.` f

and .46 lto 'be Written' or'iYhaving suitably spaced perforations 41 along each-marginal edge, may

forations in register and'a carbon sheet between in the usual manner for making carbon copies.

" The sheets asso arranged may then be placed in thetypewriter aboutthey platenin the v"usual' wayjso that the extended'driving pins at each side enter within perforations along the margins. Writing may then take occasion arriving for shifting the paper to line space, the shaft2 may be turned by the usual 4 whenthe pinv drive v teeth more.` The pins-will .be in proper Iline spacing lever or by means ofthe -pieces 3 `gr will operate upon the perthe same in a manner as indicated; and this withouty relative disarrangement' of thessheets (which on the contrary are held.r securely in propf er relative position by the pins) and without injury to Ithe paper about the perforations and without distortion or'tearing of any of the sheets. Of course the sheets may -beishifted in likemanner to any desired degree, either greater or less than a line space.

' Referring now to Figs. 8 to l0 inclusive, there is shown a modiediform of pin drive. `A'sin Figs. 1 to 'l inclusive, `the apparatus comprises a` typewriter carriage frame 4 tatably mounted the usual paper platen 3|, The platen is` fixed upon vrthe shaftl 32 rotatable in theusual mannerbyngerwhe'els 33 and 34. As inthe earlier figures referred to, 'it is to be un-` derstoodl that `theusual paper-holding clips, line base' which' will extend beyond .a

Awill be secured.l

pass entirely through' VIt willnow be apparentfthat paper sheets 45- placer as usual; and uponv 30 in which vis 'rospacing mechanisxn and other well-fknown' appurtenances will be Present so far as desired.

The end head and pin drive for the paper are -thefsame at each end of the platen, hence a demanner as described in connection with the parts 9 and 1 forming a part of the structure of Figs. 1 to 7, the external surface of the ring 31 being ilush with the platen surface. As will be apparent, a hole 39 may be provided in the platen through which a screw-driver may be inserted to set or unscrew the set screw 36 when the parts are assembled. l

Upon the interior of the ring 31 are cut sevexrty-seven gear teeth 33 with which are adapted to mesh'sixty-three gear teeth 39 cut on the circumference of the ring 40 mounted to rotate about an axis eccentric to that of the shaft 32 by means of an eccentric boss or bearing 4I secured to the sleeve 42 which extends within the side of the frame 30.

Fixed to the gear ring 40, and in this case integrally formed therewith, is the ring 43 also rotating on the eccentric boss 4l and having the nine equi-distant paper driving pins 44 projecting radially from it. The periphery of the ring 43 is flush with the surface of the platen on vthe side where themeshing of the gears takes place,

and adjacent pins 44 are separated by the space of seven gear teeth. The maximum outer extension of a pin is at the central point c'f the length over whlchthe teeth 39 and 33 intermesh, and this may be shifted to any desired point angularly of the shaft 32 by turning the sleeve 42. The most desirable point for maximum extension of the pins having been selected and the parts correspondingly adjusted, the sleeve 42 and its eccentric-bearing boss 4| maybe xed in position by keying to the frame 33 or the key may be omitted and the sleeve 42 and bearing boss 4 I be made readily adjustable about the shaft 32 in a manner as described in connection with the structure of Figs. 1 to 'I inclusive.

The gear 43, it will be observed, is within and surrounded by the internal gear 33, while the series of driving pins 44 islaterally outside of such internal gear. The movement of the integrally-formed structure comprising the gear ring 43 and the pin ring 43 is limited in its movement to the left (see Fig. by means of the plate 43 having a circular circumference and of substantially the same diameter as -the gear ring 31, and-fixed to the. sleeve 42 by means of a set-screw 49.

The pin ring 43 and the gear ring 40 are'con centric and the. pin ring is of such diameter that the outermost portion of its circumferential face 39 is flush with the outer face of the ring 31 and the outer circumferential face of the plate 43. Each of the pins 44 has a cylindrical portion adjacent its base and a tapered portion outside the cylindrical portion for purposes as explained in connection with the structure of Figs. l to 7.

As the shaft 32 is rotated by means of theA finger piece 33 or 34, the internal gear ring 31 will be rotated therewith and they gear 31 and series of pins 44 will be rotated about their eccentric axis and, as the pins rotate the pins will be successively extended to the greatest radial extent from the axis of the shaft 32 as they reach the position at which the circumferential faceof the pin ring is flush with the outer surface of the centric rotatably mounted on ing said eccentric and ing pins in driving relation to said-gear of less piatesfs'ss 'am ring 'nl a.; 'it movesinto its: position each pin will be gradually extended moraand more outside the surface of the ringy 3 1 until it reaches the position of maxi-V mum-extension and then willras the gears turn. be gradually withdrawnwithin such surface, as will appear especially from an inspection of Fig. 9 wherein the parts rotate in the direction of the arrow.

Paper sheets .Irl and with the usual carbon sheet I3 between them fory makinga carbon copy, are placed about the platen inthe usual way, each of the sheets having a row of perforations I4 at each of its lateral margins, such vperforations being adapted to register with the pins 44 ina manner as clearly indicated in Fig. 9. The

position of maximum extension of the pins ispreferably at the printing point so that the sheets are securely held in proper relative position at that point and the sheets are driven in one direction or the other by turning the shaft 32 by means of the-finger piece 33er 34, the pins successively engaging in the sheets and providing a positive drive for the sheets whereby they are held in proper relative position.

While the invention has been illustrated in what are consideredits best applications it may have other embodiments without departing from its spirit and is not therefore limited to the structures shown in the drawings.

What I claim is:

l. A pin driving ,mechanism comprising in combination an internal gear `having internal gear teeth, a rotatably mounted` shaft to which said gear is xed, said shaftl being concentric with and extending through` saidgear, a gear of less diameter than said internalA gear and having gear teeth upon its outer periphery, means for rotatably mounting said gear of less diameter upon an a'xiseccentric to the axis of said internal gear and withitsV teeth in mesh with said internal gear teeth said means comprising an eccentric' rotatably mounted Aon said shaft, and said gear-of less diameter surroundshaft and a vseries of drivdiameter. v 1 y 2. A pin driving mechanism comprising in combinationan internal gear having internal p gear teeth, a rotatably mounted shaft to which said gear is` fixed, said shaft being concentric with and extending through said gear, a gear of less diameter ,than said ring and having gear teeth upon its outer periphery, means for rotatably mounting said gear of less .diameter upon an axis eccentric to the axis of said internal gear andxwith -its teeth'in mesh with said interna] gear teeth said means comprising an ecsaid shaft, and said gear of less diameter surrounding said eccentric and shaft and a' series of driving pins in fixed elation to said gear'of less diameter.

3. A pin driving mechanism comprising `in combination aninternal gear having internal gear teeth, a rotatably mounted shaft to which said gear is` fixed, said shaft being concentric withand extending through said-gear, a gear of lessdiameter than said ring and having gear tcethvupon its outer periphery, means for rotatablymounting said gear of less diameter upon anaxis `eccentric tothe asis of said internal mesh with said incentric and shaft `and a series of driving pins in driving relation to said gear of less diameter, said pins being radially extended and retracted vinto and out of operative'position as said gears i centric rotatably mounted on saidshaft, and

said gear of lessdiameter surrounding said eccentric and shaft and a series ofdriving pins in driving relation to said gear of less diameter,

` said pins being extended outside of and withdrawn within-the outer surface of said internal gear,

5. A pin driving mechanism comprising in combination an 'internal vgear having internal gear teeth, a rotatably 4mounted, shaft to which said gear is xed, said shaft being concentric f with and extendingthrough said gear, a gear of less Ldiameter than said ring and having gearr A teeth upon its outer periphery, means for rotat ablyv mounting said gear. of less diameter upon an axis eccentric to the axis'ofl said internal gear and with its teeth in mesh with said internal lgear Vteeth said means comprising an eccentric `rotatably mounted on said shaft, and

. vsaid gear of less diameter surrounding said eccentric and shaft and a seriesof driving pins in driving relation to said gear of less diameter,

said pins being'between, the sides of said internall gear and said internalgearl having openings through which said pins move.

6; A pin driving mechanism comprising in combination an internal gear having internal gear teeth, a rotatably mounted shaft to which said gear is fixed, said shaft being concentric with and extending `through said gear, a gear of less diameter than said ring4 and having gear teeth upon its outer periphery, means for rotatably mounting said gear of less diameter upon an axis. eccentric to the axis vof said internal gear and with its teeth in mesh with said4 internal gear teeth said means comprising an eccentric rotatably mounted on said shaftfand said gear kof less diameter surrounding saideccentric and shaft and a series of driving pins in driving relation to said'gear of less diameter, said pins being intermediate the ends of the teeth upon the gear of lesser diameter and said internal gear having openings through which i said pins move.

7.' A pin driving mechanism comprising in ter than said internal gear and having gear teeth upon its outer periphery,,means for rotatably mounting said gear I'of y'less diameter upon an axis eccentricto the axis of saidinternalgear and with its teeth in mesh with saidinternal gearvteeth and a series of driving pins in drivingV relation to said gear of less diameter, said pinsbeing located outside the lateral sides of said internal gear and` a-'plate of substantially the same diameter asthe outer surface of said internal gear, said plate being on the'opposite side of said pins .from said internal gear.

9. A pin drivingmechanism comprising in combnation a rotatable Shaffy?,l an internal gear, a support'forsaid internal gear fixed -to ysaid shaft and said internal '-fgear, a gear of less diameter than said internal gear andmeshing with the same, means for rotatably mounting ther said gear of less diameterupon an axisy eccentric to the axis ofvsaid'sha'fta circular series of equi-distantly spaced pins mounted to rotate about said eccentric axis, said gear of less diameter being Vdrivingly connected with said pins, said pins being extendedv outside of and'withdrawn within therouter surface of`4 said internal gear as said gears are'rotated each of said ypins being cylindrical adjacent its base andvtapered at its outer vencl.

' 10. A :pin driving'@mechanismV comprisingr in combination a yrotatable shaft, an internal/gear, a support forgsaid linternal gear, ,fixed to said shaft and said internal gear, a gear'of less diameter lthan said internal gear and meshing with the same, means forgrotatably mounting the said gear of less diameter upon an axiseccentric to the axis of said shaft, a circular series of equidistantly spaced pins mounted'to rotate about said eccentric axis, said Vgearof less diameter being drivingly connected with said pins, said pins being extended 4outside of and'withdrawn withinthe outer' surface of said internalv gear as said gears arerotated, said internalr gear having open- .e ings through which ysaid 4pins move and said pins f v fixed to said shaft, a 'sleevel about said shaft in beingcylindrical adjacent itsbase and tapered at its outer end. Y 11.y A pin driving'mechanism comprising in combination ak rotatable shaft, an internal gear which said shaft. isrotatable, an eccentric bearingvboss fixed upon said sleeve,a gear ofy less diameter kthan .said internal` gear rotatably mounted on said bearing boss and meshing Awith n i the teeth of said internal-gear, a vcircular series combination a rotatably mounted internal gear f havinginternal gear teeth, a gear of less diameter than said ring and having gear teeth upon its outer periphery, means for rotatably mounting said gear of less diameter upon an axis ec-v centric to the axis of said internal gear and with its teeth in meshl with' said internal gear teeth and a series of driving pins in driving relation to said gear of less diameter, said pins internal gear. i

8.`A pin driving mechanism `comprising in l combination a rotatably mounted'internal gear having internal gear teeth, a gearofless diamebeing located outsidethe lateral sides of said f of equi-distantl'y lspaced pins also rotatably .mounted upon ysaidV eccentricY bearing, said series of pins being connected inv driving relation to said gear of less diameter and said pins being successivelymoved into and out of operating position as said gears are turned.`

y12. A pin drivingmechanismcomprising in combination a rotatableshaft, an internal gear, a supportforsaid internal kgear fixed to said shaft' and said internal` gear, a gear of less diameter than saidrinternal gearfand meshing with thesame, means for rotatably mounting the said gear Aof less diameter upon an axiseccentric to the axis of said shaft, a circular seriesiof equidistantly spaced pins `mounted Yto rotate about said eccentric axis, said gear of less diameter be` ing drivingly connected with said pins, said pins being` extended outside of and withdrawn within the outer surface of said internal gear as said gears are rotated, saidseries of pins being latn erailyy outside said internal gear.

mmnmumm. 

